Certain nouns in Latin have an i-stem, such as puppis, -is (ship). However, following the consonant declension, these generally take an accusative stem -em (puppem), not -im.
This post covers exceptions to that rule, by listing all cases where -im is retained
1. Greek nouns borrowed from the Greek third declension (consonant declension) with an i-stem.
- Paris -> Parim
- Adōnis -> Adōnim
- Busīris -> Busīrim
2. The following Latin nouns:
- amussis, -is (rule)
- būris, -is (plough-beam)
- cucumis, -is (cucumber)
- rāvis, -is (??)
- sitis, -is (thirst)
- tussis, -is (cough)
- vīs, -ī (force, power)
[n.b. on rāvis, -is.... I can't find this in any online dictionary. Any clues?]
3. Adverbs in -tim, such as partim (in parts)
The -im ending is also found occasionally in the following words–
- febris, -is (fever)
- puppis, -is (ship)
- restis, -is (cord)
- turris, -is (tower)
- secūris, -is (axe)
- sēmentis, -is (sowing)
“and rarely in many other words,” say A&G. Damn poets…
The Essential AG: 75a-b
Been enjoying the tour of AG. Thanks! Re: ravis. Festus writes that “ad ravim” (from Plautus) means “ad raucitatem”. (tinyurl.com/au5f3uu)—PJB
My “New Handy Dictionary”, printed 1962 gives “ravis” as “hoarseness.” Looks like doctors are as much to blame as poets… maybe it was the handwriting, even back then.
Vis-a-vis Kathy’s comment ut supra:
http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0059%3Aentry%3Dravis
http://athirdway.com/glossa/?s=ravis
Glossa is a very fast implementation of L&S online. It only does headword search, but it does it quite well.
In Adler, chapter 30, I find the following.
Accusative usually in -em, sometimes in -im:
messis
Accusative more often in -im than -em:
febris
pelvis
puppis
Accusative regularly in -im (ones in the blog post not repeated):
basis
poēsis
paraphrasis
[…] For more on where the -im ending shows up, see this post. […]
I was surprised to learn that besides Paridem, also Parim (and Parin) existed… I like this blog!
Glad to hear it!