The Latin ovāre (to triumph) is defective, but the following examples make an appearance in our extant literature:
They appear in a few fixed phrases—
Compare also ovanter ‘exultingly’ and the Greek αύω (αϝύω) ‘increase.’
Two related of clauses of effort take a substantive clause of purpose with ut + subjunctive. They are classed under the general heading of such phrases that denote an action directed toward the future.
Note this alternative construction for operam dare.
The Essential AG: 505, 505n1, 563
In Latin speech, negō > nōn dīcō. That is, the phrase ‘I deny’ is everywhere preferable to the phrase ‘I do not say’ or ‘I say that…not.’
The Essential AG: 328, 580b
In my last post I covered the basics of comparing regular adjectives. Participles decline as regular adjectives when they are compared, whether they be present active (patiēns, patient) or perfect passive (apertus, open).
A related phenomenon occurs with compound adjectives ending in -dicus, -volus, and -ficus (from dīcō, volō, and faciō). These compounds in fact take the stem of their related present active participle (dīcens, volens, faciens) in place of other endings.
The Essential AG: 124a, 127
There are a variety of ways to hide the stem of a adjective in its nominative form.
However, the majority of adjectives of all stem formations become comparatives and superlatives in the same way: with the addition of -ior (m/f) / ius (n) for comparatives, and the addition of -issimus, -a, -um for superlatives.
There are a few things to note here. If an adjective is compared regularly,
babúrrior, baburríssimus / lévior, levísssimus / fēlícior, fēlīcíssimus / hebétior, hebetíssimus
Of course, it can always shift further forward, but never further back. The comparatives declines like so:
(photo credit, Wiktionary)
The superlatives decline like a regular first/second declension adjectives, regardless of how their positives decline:
(photo credit, Wiktionary)
The Essential AG: 120, 123-4
The following is a list of nouns that features both a masculine and neuter form, each with the same meaning. Allen and Greenough hint that there are “many others of rare occurrence” beyond this list, suggesting neuter-for-masculine is a comfortable poetic standard, but these are the most common instances, or the ones used most widely in classical literature.
By the way, the Allen and Greenough term for these guys is heterogeneous. This term also covers the plūria transexuālia and plūria aliēna that I discussed in earlier posts.
Latin for Addicts 